With the approval of several COVID-19 vaccines, there is growing hope that the world might find a way to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Challenges remain – including a bottleneck in manufacturing that is making it hard for companies to meet demand. 

In response, companies across the pharmaceutical industry are collaborating in new ways, including working together to manufacture vaccines as rapidly as possible.

Novartis, for instance, no longer has a vaccine business, but it does have one of the largest and most diverse manufacturing operations in the industry. So we are …